Health and law-making: collectively re-creating narratives

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Flyer for IASC workshop

On April 28 2022, from 13:30 to 15:00 CET, an online workshop will be organized by the International Association for the Study of the Commons.

This event is part of a colloquia series "dedicated to the policy issues related to the commons and importance of bringing the commons discussion to policy makers' attention in Europe & CIS and for engaging our community in a wider policy dialogue."

An article of this workshop is now accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7716154

⏪ healing commons, health democracy, health and law-making, collective law-making

Editable presentation on Zenodo

⏩ festival citoyen 'prendre soin ensemble' (walkshop and legislative theatre)

Abstract

Since childhood, we learn that knowledge does not come from ourselves (schoolchildren), but from 'an omniscient 'master'.

When a crisis happens – a disease, a change in our environment – we similarly rely on external authorities, who are usually prompt to provide us with directives.

But is this really the most effective way to take care of our very needs, to overcome complex challenges?[1][2][3][4] Can a few really be more knowledgeable than the multitude?[5][6][7][8]

Is the centralization of power during an emergency still legitimate when Internet enables thousands of people to put in commons their resources (online hackathons),[9] and to reach decisions within hours (digital democracy)?[10][11][12][13]

During this participatory discussion, we will explore the narratives behind 'health' and 'law' policy-making centralization. We will explore how people can reclaim ownership of themselves, control over their medical journey and medical information (e.g. health commons,[14][15] critical public health[16]). We will also discuss how individuals and communities can reclaim the right to elaborate rules that affect them and their coordination (legal commons, democratic constitutionalism[17][18][19][20]).

Finally, we will reflect on Elinor Ostrom's statement that "a core goal of public policy should  be to facilitate the development of institutions that bring out the best in humans,"[21] and will introduce the work done in other fields such as by legal scholars working on indigenous law (Canada, Switzerland),[22][23] and on changing the law regarding propriety (Italy) with reflections on how this can inspire health commons policy development.[24][25][26]

Facilitators

Fabio Balli mobilises teams around creation-as-research[27] initiatives based on solidarity, subjectivity and creativity in order to counteract an economy of impoverishment. His experience in the private sector, in institutions, and building commons (Breathing Games)[28] allowed him to model how to foster large scale cooperation.[13] Today, Fabio prepares the citizens festival Taking care together (April 30 to May 8 in Geneva). He is affiliated to IUC Turin, Italy.

Pascal Carpentier is passionate about knowledge vehicles for innovations such as communities and Commons. Convinced about the relevance of open models and technologies to address the SDGs and improve patients’ condition and safety, he does research on Knowledge Commons governance. Pascal is the Head of Information Systems for the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative. He is affiliated to the Erasmus Research Institute of Management, Netherlands.

The series is hosted by Dr Tobias Haller from the University of Bern, Switzerland, and Dr Ilkhom Soliev from the Martin-Luther-Universität, Germany.

Approach

To create a knowledge commons[29] which values our collective intelligence, we dedicate time for participants to discuss among themselves. We will build sub-groups of 5-7 people to foster interaction among all participants.[30] Each sub-group will then present the key outcomes of their discussions to all participants thanks to a spokesperson. This will allow us to aggregate different perspectives on the two topics. Having two rounds of sub-groups followed by an open discussion will allow participants to go further in the reflexion by building on previous outcomes.

Similarly, we document the session on a public MediaWiki, which can autonomously be enriched by each interested person (after creating an account). This removes barriers to access, produce and disseminate knowledge. The content of this wiki is under a Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 licence. Additionnally, MediaWiki is a free/libre and open-source tool,[31][32] which means interested communities can freely use, reproduce, enhance and adapt the software – another commons.

By both discussing and cocreating open scientific knowledge, we align with the UNESCO recommendation on open science.[33]

Programme

13:30 – Opening

  • Introducing the colloquia series – Tobias, Ilkhom

13:35 – Roundtable

  • Each participant presents themselves in one sentence: first name, inner weather (how I feel), what calls me to this topic

13:45 – How to reclaim control of medical commons regulation?

  • Case presentation by Pascal, 5 min
    • Inadequacy of regulatory processes for commons-based / crowdsourced / start-up medical innovation
    • only 3% of open hardware / libre software initiatives survived the regulatory step during covid
  • Discussions in three sub-groups – 10 min
  • Restitution of each sub-group – 3 x 3 min

14:10 – Can we heal without redefining the rules that affect us?

  • Case presentation by Fabio, 5 min
    • Three times
      • Middle ages: medieval local customs, relatedness to Nature → social constructivism, contextual, specific right to use / enjoy the fruits of a common good
      • Industrial revolution: Napoleon civil code, scientific rationalism → post-positivism, universalism, excluding ownership of a good and its fruits
      • Today: a great reset (the blue pill of tech solutionism and IP) or a Great Renaissance (the red pill of redefining how we govern ressources)?
  • Discussions in three sub-groups – 10 min
  • Restitution of each sub-group – 3 x 3 min

14:35 – Open discussion

14:55 – Closing

  1. ↑ Oxfam. The hunger virus multiplies: deadly recipe of conflict, covid19 and climate accelerate world hunger. 2021. https://oi-files-d8-prod.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/2021-07/The%20Hunger%20Virus%202.0_media%20brief_EN.pdf
  2. ↑ V-Dem Institute. Autocratization Turns Viral. Democracy Report 2021. 2021. https://www.v-dem.net/files/25/DR+2021.pdf
  3. ↑ Rushkoff D. Team Human. WW Norton 2019. https://rushkoff.com/books/team-human-book/
  4. ↑ Medina J. The Epistemology of Resistance – Gender and Racial Oppression, Epistemic Injustice, and the Social Imagination. Oxford 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199929023.001.0001
  5. ↑ Raymond E. The cathedral and the bazaar. Knowledge, Technology & Policy 1999. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12130-999-1026-0
  6. ↑ Capra F, Mattei U. The Ecology of Law: Toward a legal system in tune with Nature and Community. Berrett-Koehler 2015. https://www.bkconnection.com/books/title/the-ecology-of-law
  7. ↑ Okolloh O. Ushahidi or ’testimony’: Web 2.0 tools for crowdsourcing crisis information. Participatory Learning and Action 2009. https://pubs.iied.org/g02842
  8. ↑ Falkvinge R. Swarmwise. The tactical manual to changing the world. CreateSpace 2013. https://falkvinge.net/files/2013/04/Swarmwise-2013-by-Rick-Falkvinge-v1.1-2013Sep01.pdf
  9. ↑ Balli F. Team-building and information flow for large groups such as online hackathons - Updated Feb 2021. Zenodo 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3743244
  10. ↑ Mancini P. Why it is time to redesign our political system. European View 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12290-015-0343-9
  11. ↑ European Parliament. Digital democracy Is the future of civic engagement online? 2020. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2020/646161/EPRS_BRI(2020)646161_EN.pdf
  12. ↑ TA Swiss, vdf Hochschulverlag AG, Bieri U, Braun Binder N, Salerno S, Keller T, Kälin M. Where democracy and digitisation meet. Abridgement of the project «Democracy and digitisation». 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5187686
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Balli F. Global crises, democratic solutions—within days. Using Internet to empower citizens, reach popular consensus, and ensure democratic decision-making [Preprint]. Zenodo 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497574
  14. ↑ Balli F, Matringe M, le Couedic C, Schull J, Gautam S, Jandard P, Kellner E, Anastasaki A, Serada K, Brahmachari SK, Winter L, Lonchampt P, Schoeller F, Krishnakumar A, Greshake B, Lhoste K, Parot C, Jeanmaire G. Health technology as commons: trustable, affordable, adaptable. Geneva Health Forum Open Village. Zenodo 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4327587
  15. ↑ Balli F, Ibbotson R, Chhabra V, Pimentel JP, Suturin V, Falcon L, Timm-Bottos J, Kellner E, Menon J, Matringe M, le Couedic C. Open-source respiratory health commons. 15 projects communities can adapt, repair, reproduce for low cost medical care (libre and open-source tech). General meeting of the Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases 2020-2021. Zenodo 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5515632
  16. ↑ Greenhalgh T. Patient and public involvement in chronic illness: beyond the expert patient. BMJ 2009. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b49
  17. ↑ Post R, Siegel R. Roe Rage: Democratic Constitutionalism and Backlash. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 2007. https://law.yale.edu/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/Faculty/Siegel_RoeRageDemocraticConstitutionalismAndBacklash.pdf
  18. ↑ Vergara C. Systemic corruption: constitutional ideas for an anti-oligarchic republic. Princeton University Press 2020. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691207537/systemic-corruption
  19. ↑ Boal A. Legislative Theatre. Using performance to make politics. Routledge 1999. https://www.routledge.com/Legislative-Theatre-Using-Performance-to-Make-Politics/Boal/p/book/9780415182416
  20. ↑ Laugeri M. Emerging Change: a new Transactional Analysis frame for effective dialogue at work. Transactional Analysis Journal 2020.  https://docs.google.com/document/d/1b5nkQ4I8hvkkg3twLNhMCjBsmri9yKMooE1cnHR7G3o/edit#
  21. ↑ Ostrom E. Beyond markets and states: polycentric governance of complex economic systems. Prize lecture. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2009. https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/ostrom_lecture.pdf
  22. ↑ Banville MS, Lapalme J. Property Rights / Property Wrongs: Micro-Treaties with the Earth. Rethinking our responsibilities towards nature through land stewardship. Dark Matters Laboratories 2020. https://provocations.darkmatterlabs.org/property-rights-property-wrongs-micro-treaties-with-the-earth-9b1ca44b4df
  23. ↑ Knoepfel P, Schweizer R. Le local et le global : quatre défis de la codification du droit foncier dans le cadre du processus de rédaction du code civil suisse de 1907. In Ponsonnet M, Travési C. Les conceptions de la propriété foncière à l'épreuve des revendications autochtones : possession, propriété et leurs avatars. Pacific-Credo 2015. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.pacific.330
  24. ↑ Italian Ministry of Justice. Commissione Rodotà - per la modifica delle norme del codice civile in materia di beni pubblici. 2007. https://www.giustizia.it/giustizia/it/mg_1_12_1.wp?contentId=SPS47617
  25. ↑ Vercellone A. The italian experience of the commons: rithg to the city, private property, fundamental rights. The Cardozo Electronic Law Bulletin 2020. https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/handle/2318/1742871/620624/cardozo%20commons.pdf
  26. ↑ Italian Court of Cassassion. Blue Valley Srl vs Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti, Ministero dell'Economia e delle Finanze. 2011. https://www.labsus.org/wp-content/uploads//images/M_images/sentenza3811.doc
  27. ↑ Chapman OB, Sawchuk K. Research-Creation: Intervention, Analysis and ”Family Resemblances”. Canadian Journal of Communication 2012. https://doi.org/10.22230/cjc.2012v37n1a2489
  28. ↑ Balli F, Jeanmaire G, Ibbotson R, Gervais Y, Kellner E, Gingras S, Gaudy T, Tse SM, Bransi M, Chelabi K, Silva-Lavigne N, Pelaez S, Montalbano L, Cilluffo G, la Grutta S, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Mohammad Y. Open-source games for health, multiplayer and gamepads. Co-creating fun care with children with asthma, young adults with cystic fibrosis, elders with COPD. General meeting of the Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases 2020-2021. Zenodo 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5515638
  29. ↑ Hess C, Ostrom E. Understanding knowledge as a commons: from theory to practice. MIT Press 2011. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/understanding-knowledge-commons
  30. ↑ Aubé C, Rousseau V, Tremblay S. Team size and quality of group experience: The more the merrier? Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice 2011. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025400
  31. ↑ Free Software Foundation. What is Free Software? 2021. https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html
  32. ↑ Open Source Initiative. The Open Source Definition. 2007. https://opensource.org/osd
  33. ↑ UNESCO. Recommendation on Open Science. 2021.https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379949.locale=en
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